MM-wave lens antenna with an integrated LTCC feed array for beam steering

Electrical beam steering is demonstrated using a lens antenna integrated with an LTCC feed array at 77 GHz. The Teflon lens antenna is an extended hemispherical lens with diameter of 100 mm and its extension length of 85 mm is optimised in order to provide the maximum directivity. The feed array has eight patch antenna elements, which are in a linear configuration. The separation between adjacent elements is 3 mm providing a beam separation of 2°, while the beam width is of the order of 2°-2.5° increasing slightly with the feed offset. The demonstrator has been measured using a planar near-field scanner. The measured results are compared with simulation results based on a ray-tracing simulation.