S-band hybrid 4 bit phase shifter

S-band hybrid 4 bit phase shifter of 22.5° phase resolution is designed, simulated, fabricated and measured. Bits are separately designed to maintain low phase errors and return loss. In this manner, fabrication and measurements are performed for each bit. These measurements are carried on since each bit reached to its acceptable level of operation. According to the outcomes and acquired knowledge, layout for optimum cascading of 4 bits is developed. Measurement results are compared with simulations and repeatability is tested to observe if it is convenient to use in mass production. Designs and simulations are performed by using ADS2008^®.