Inverting current feedback operational amplifier: CMOS realization and application example

In this paper, inverting current feedback operational amplifier (ICFOA) is described as an alternative active element. CMOS realization of ICFOA, which is obtained by cascade connection of an inverting second generation current conveyor and a voltage buffer, is included. As the application example, a biquadratic filter configuration that uses only one ICFOA is given. All of the five different second-order filtering functions, namely low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, all-pass, and band-stop can be obtained from this configuration. The theoretical analyses are verified by PSPICE simulations.