An investigation about blackout for power systems

In this article, it is studied about power blackout which is caused by the chaotic situations. In the introduction section, the main effects that trigger the system to go blackout are defined. Then, it is mentioned about the system modeling methods to understand the blackout event better and prevent it before it happens. First, to study blackout dynamics in the power transmission grid, the OPA model is applied to the real time North America blackout data. Secondly, a cascade model is composed of connecting probability cascade failures and dealt with mathematical equations. Finally, the nose curves occurring between load current and load voltage are calculated when load is increased and power factor of system is at a steady level.