Impact of non-service related signalling in GSM mobile networks

In this paper, non-service related signalling in mobile networks, also known as HLR lookup is discussed. Although initially HLR lookups were intended for SMS, MMS and voice routing purposes, there are other services that could create additional revenue streams for both mobile network operators and enterprises. This paper will also discuss technical, commercial and security challenges of HLR lookup service with a detailed description of an international ATM anti-fraud use case.