Adaptive fuzzy filter combined with median filter for reducing intensive salt and pepper noise in gray level images

This paper presents an adaptive fuzzy filter combined with median filter (AFM) to the reduction of intensive salt and pepper noise in gray level images. Firstly, noisy pixels are detected using spatial neighborhood and variance of the pixel values. Then, noisy pixels are mainly removed with adaptive fuzzy filter, and then median filter is used for removing rest of the noisy pixels. The proposed method is able to reduce intensive salt and pepper noise in gray level digital images while preserving image details, and textures very well.