Upwelling by the Lithuanian coast: Numerical prediction using GIS methods

Upwelling is a vertical motion of water, which involves deep cold nutrient-rich water rising to the surface. It affects changes in atmospheric phenomena (can cause fog, low stratus clouds and little rain) and involves eutrophication (when high nutrient concentrations stimulate blooms of algae). Usually for upwelling predictions the in situ method, numerical modeling, satellite data and other methods are used. Nowadays Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are widely spread in different sciences and practices related with research of the Earth´s surface and water. It´s not only submission data on the map, but a very powerful tool to regulate, manage and analyze spatial information. The main purpose of this study was to create an upwelling prediction model using GIS methods and adapt it for prediction of upwellings at the Lithuanian coast in Baltic Sea.