Smartphone-based Pedestrian Dead Reckoning as an indoor positioning system

Nowadays, personal positioning systems are more necessary to build many location-based services. Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR), which is a pedestrian positioning technique using the accelerometer sensor to recognize pattern of steps, is an alternative method that has advantages in terms of infrastructure-independent. However, the variation of walking pattern on each individual will make some difficulties for the system to detect displacement. This is really interested authors to develop a sensor-based positioning system that applied generally to all individuals. In the test, 15 test subjects was taken with the distance of each 10m, 20m and 30m. Experiment begins with the feasibility test of accelerometer sensor. In this work, a smartphone with average sampling rate 63.79 Hz and standard deviation of 1.293 is used to records the acceleration. Then, the acceleration data are analyzed to detect step and to estimate the travelled distance using several methods. Detection of steps are able to make an average error of 2.925%, while the most nearly correct displacement estimation is using Scarlet experimental method which is make a distance average error of 1.39metres at all the traveled distance.