Glider-based seabed characterization using natural-made ambient noise

Seabed characteristics (geoacoustic properties and scattering strength) are critical parameters for sonar performance predictions. However, this bottom information is considered very difficult and expensive to achieve in the scientific community. In this report, an efficient method for inferring the seabed properties is presented; it relies on a previous methodology using long moored or drifting hydrophone arrays. Results from sea trials demonstrate the feasibility of using the technique by deploying a hybrid autonomous underwater vehicle hosting a unique hydrophone array consisting of a five-element vertical line array and a four-element tetrahedral array. Seabed reflection and layering properties are estimated from sea surface generated ambient noise acquired during two trials in different shallow-water areas. Results from numerical modeling, data analysis and experimental measurements are presented with emphasis on comparing the seabed characterization at different locations with different bottom properties. The results obtained from both experiments demonstrate the potential of using autonomous underwater vehicles for seabed characterization and surface vessel tracking.