The excitation controller with gain scheduling mechanism for synchronous generator control

The power systems, including the synchronous generators and power systems networks, are complex nonlinear systems with configuration and parameters which change through time. That leads to electromechanical oscillations occurring in that system. Thus synchronous generator excitation controller must be capable of providing appropriate stabilization signal over broad range of operating conditions and disturbances. In this paper, an excitation controller (EC) with gain scheduling mechanism is proposed to deal with those phenomena. This controller is designed and implemented based on the gain scheduling approach according to the power system stabilizer (PSS) and the conventional PID controller in the case of automatic voltage regulator (AVR). The proposed PSS accommodate the nonlinear nature of power systems and adopt with parametric gain surfaces its parameters to the actual operating conditions. It is parameterized with two stages tuned procedure based on the nonlinear optimization problem solving according to the linearized power system model. The obtained result shows that the proposed excitation controller with gain scheduling mechanism can provide effective electromechanical oscillation damping and lower control signal effort in comparison with the a classic excitation system through wide range of operating conditions.