Hybrid control scheme for distributed energy resource management in a market context

In modernizing the electricity grid, distributed energy resources (DERs) can play an important role in accommodating intermittent energy sources, assisting system operation and the transition to a smart grid. Proper aggregation and coordination of the available DER units is required to provide flexibility to meet regular demand from the distribution system operator (DSO). By considering both their physical constraints and the economical system operation, this paper proposes a realtime hybrid management system for DER units in a market environment, which considers both the request from the DSO and their local conditions. Voltage regulation service is formulated and implemented in the control frame. The performance is evaluated through simulation on an existing Danish MV and LV distribution grid and is compared with a local control method and the passive operation condition.