An approach for statistical quantitative analysis of voltage fluctuations using extended participation factors

In this paper, a new concept of participation factors is used to investigate the presence of the voltage fluctuations induced by the electromechanical oscillations in systems with distributed generation. Unlike the originally proposed participation factors (which will be called traditional participation factors), the extended participation factors is calculated taking into account a set of initial conditions, which makes them able to detect and quantify the voltage fluctuation from a statistical viewpoint. In order to obtain a set of initial conditions that efficiently reflects the random nature of the plausible disturbances in the system, a Monte Carlo method and a normal distribution of the disturbance parameters are used to build this set. The obtained results show the efficiency of extended participation factors in detecting and statistically quantifying voltage fluctuations. In addition, the results indicate that it is possible to infer the probability of occurrence of voltage fluctuation in the studied system considering a statistical approach.