Large scale fading characteristics in rail traffic scenarios

By summarizing extensive literature, this paper presents a panorama of the path loss exponent and shadow fading distribution in the main rail traffic scenarios. This panorama is very useful to gain a comprehensive understanding of the propagation. Moreover, with the aid of the table provided in this paper, designers can easily realize a fast network planning for a long railway with various scenarios, i.e., tunnel, train station, crossing bridge, cutting, and viaduct.