Novel implantable miniaturized circular microstrip antenna for biomedical telemetry

This paper proposes an implantable miniaturized circular microstrip antenna for biomedical telemetry, operating in the Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) band ranging from 2.4 GHz to 2.48 GHz. Several techniques are used to increase the current path of the circular microstrip antenna achieving a significant size reduction. These techniques include stacked patches, slotted patches, and grounded lower patch. The simulation of the proposed circular microstrip antenna is carried using HFSS. An overall size reduction down to 14.73 mm³ is achieved along with a return loss |S₁₁| of -39.2 dB at the desired resonant frequency of 2.476 GHz. The proposed antenna design is compared to previous designs showing significant improvement in terms of antenna size and return loss reduction.