Non-line-of-sight path loss model for low-height terminals in urban street grid environments

In this paper we derive a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) path loss model between low-height terminals in rectangular street grid environments. With the Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction, the path loss due to diffraction and scattering at corner edges is calculated for 1-Turn NLOS and 2-Turn NLOS links. In particular, we consider the case that 2-Turn NLOS links have multiple propagation route paths along the street roads. Additionally, we incorporate an adjustable parameter for waveguide effects due to high-rise building environments. Compared with measurements, the predictions are well in agreement.