Power losses calculations in windings of gapped magnetic components: The i2D method applied to flyback transformers

The improved 2-D equivalent analytical calculation method to estimate conductive losses in gapped magnetic components in a wide range of frequencies is extended to the calculations of conduction losses in flyback transformers. The i2D method, that is applicable to power inductor, is extended is extended to the winding loss calculation in gapped transformers, such as flyback transformers, by means of harmonic decomposition of the current though the windings that allows the proximity field calculation and, afterward, the estimation of the losses in the windings. The method is used to evaluate conduction losses in flyback transformers for switched mode power supplies (SMPS) and the results are compared with finite element analysis (FEA) and measurements.