Smart grid-energizing towards a greener future

Smart grid refers to the modernization of the traditional electric grid systems through the use of advancements in computer sciences, information & communications technology (ICT) tools and techniques. In a fully-operational Smart Grid sensor networks are implemented across the whole transmission and supply grid to collect data. After gathering the requisite data, real-time duplex communication networks are used to transfer this data between utilities and consumers. Furthermore, the sensor networks also augment in generating the computational power necessary to make this information actionable and transactive. This paper presents a review of various smart grid technologies and their implementations in different regions of the globe, such as the USA and Europe, and their impact on power distribution efficiency and the prevalent carbon footprint of the electric grid stations. A comparative analysis of the traditional power grid systems and the improvisations acquired by employing digitization techniques and technologies are provided. Moreover, the impact of smart grid technologies in reducing the carbon footprint vis-à-vis the traditional power distribution systems; thus arriving at a greener vision of the planet whilst maintaining the evergrowing need for energy is also explored.