Evaluation tool for direct load control of electric vehicle charging and water heating systems

Due to growing concerns for the environment, the electrification of the transport sector is considered as one of the most promising methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Increased penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) will create a new demand for electricity within the residential distribution network, which can negatively impact the grid if the EV loads are left unmanaged. This could lead to expensive upgrades of the distribution network. The primary aim of this research is to develop a tool to estimate the impact of EVs on the distribution network, which will then allow users of the tool to make informed decisions regarding electrical infrastructure upgrades. The tool combines direct load control (DLC) of EV and hot water loads to estimate the maximum level of EV penetration possible without system upgrades.