Polarization Reconfigurable Antennas Using Graphene for Microwave Applications

This paper presents a simulation-based study of using graphene in polarization reconfigurable antennas for wireless communication applications in the microwave regime. Two scenarios are analysed and simulated based on the square patch antenna made of copper or a hybrid transparent film where the truncated corners are replaced by graphene extensions. The graphene extensions are activated or deactivated by applying two different DC bias voltages. This design allows one antenna to switch dynamically between any linear and circular polarizations to cover digital audio broadcast (DAB), global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), unknown antenna orientation, and either line-of sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions.