A review of OSI-based charging standards and eMobility open protocols

According to the U.S. Department of Energy, a plug in Electrical Vehicle (PEV) can be defined as a vehicle that consumes the power from a battery with a capacity of no less than 4 kw/h and the vehicle can be recharged form an external energy motive power. Electrical mobility is a new emerging field that has drawn from electrical powertrain technologies and electrical vehicles charging infrastructures in the transition toward a green smart environment. There is a need to create a solid network communication platform, standards, best practices and protocols for E-mobility. As we see, in the academic domain, less attention has been paid in the area of reviewing the e-mobility protocols and the available requirements needed for a smooth transition to the smart gird. This article focuses on the most common standards and open protocols in the field of e-mobility, especially the communication means between the PEV, Electrical Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE), Central Back Office and possibly Roaming Center. Moreover, this paper provides an Open System Interconnection (OSI) network representation model for the given standards.