Custom 6-R, 2- or 4-W multi-port register files in an ASIC SOC with a DVFS window of 0.5 V, 130 MHz to 0.96 V, 3.2 GHz in a 28-nm HKMG CMOS technology

We describe custom 6R, 2/4W general-purpose register files (GRF) in an ASIC-based SOC implemented in a N28 CMOS technology, which has roughly a 2∼3 X smaller area, 2 X faster speed, and 5 X lower power than a logic-synthesized version. Synthesized and custom GRFs also have a different read behavior from static and dynamic circuitry used, respectively. This is addressed by modifying a bypass control block. Hardware showed a DVFS window of 0.5 V @circuit, 130 MHz to 0.96 V, 3.2 GHz.