Wireless synchronization of mm-wave arrays in 65nm CMOS

This paper presents the first wireless synchronization of a mm-wave array, eliminating the need for connecting wires between the array elements. Wireless injection locking is successfully demonstrated and a 3dB bandwidth of 400Hz at a carrier frequency of 50GHz is achieved (frequency stability of 8ppb). The chip includes two on-chip antennas, a power amplifier, a phase-shifter, buffer amplifiers, and a VCO. The chip is fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process and occupies an area of 1.7mm × 3.8mm.