Domestic load control using PWM and Zero Crossing detection techniques

In South Africa, load reduction and meeting the intense energy demand during peak hours has been and is still one of the most perennial issues. Thus the significance of optimized energy consumption in the domestic sector is constantly growing as household sector consumes a sizeable amount of energy on the national grid as compared to other sectors. Static timed control mechanisms, automated units, etc have been implemented for domestic load management. However we lack an effective model to continuously predict exactly when to switch household appliances and reduce load simultaneously. This paper presents a methodology that analyses the domestic user´s energy consumption behaviour and applies Pulse Width Modulation and Zero Crossing detection techniques for load management. This solution acts as an improved tool for domestic load management aiming to reduce power consumption during peak period and concurrently allows the consumer to use any appliance without increasing energy demand. Design, visual simulation and test results of the control are presented to show the effectiveness of this load control strategy.