Throughput optimization for wireless energy transfer in massive MIMO systems: A superimposed pilot aided approach

This paper considers a wireless-energy-transfer (WET)-enabled massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system based on superimposed pilot (SP). With the aid of SP, the uplink (UL) channel estimation and wireless information transmission (WIT) that powered by the downlink (DL) WET can be operated simultaneously, and thus provide the potential for improving the UL achievable rate. The impact that SP has on the performance of such a WET-enabled massive MIMO system is mathematically characterized, and the UL achievable throughput is maximized by optimizing the variables, including the SP power-allocation factor and the time-allocation factor between the duration of WET and WIT. Numerical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.