A study on millimeter-wave beamforming for high-speed train communication

This paper investigates three millimeter-wave beamforming (BF) scenarios for high-speed train (HST) communication that can potentially help to meet the explosively growing demand for Internet services in HSTs. Throughout the paper, we introduce the BF schemes based on the beam pattern that we designed and show the performance of three BF scenarios via the simulation, which demonstrates that in the case of adaptive BF applied to both transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX), the highest SINR can be obtained. It is also shown that the different BF schemes are appropriate for different HST location and the fixed BF can achieve very similar performance to that of adaptive BF in most of time. Consequently, we have gained a valuable insight into designing a mmWave BF based HST communication system from feasibility and implementation perspective.