Development of perovskite solar cells with nanophotonic front electrodes for improved light incoupling

In this contribution, we describe the development and successful implementation of nanophotonic front electrodes in solution processed perovskite solar cells. The nanostructured front electrodes were fabricated by sputtering the ITO front electrode onto a prepatterned transparent glass substrate. Due to the shallow geometry of the employed transparent and conductive nanopatterned front electrodes a straight forward integration into a solution-based baseline process of perovskite solar cells was possible. The nanophotonic electrodes yield a significantly improved light incoupling. Prototype methylammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cells show an improvement of 5% in short-circuit current density and an improvement from 9.6% to 9.9% in power conversion efficiency compared to the flat reference device. These results are confirmed by three-dimensional electromagnetic simulations of the light management in these devices.