Staring link establishment for high-frequency radio

Progress in signal processing continues to enable welcome advances in high-frequency (HF) radio performance and efficiency. The latest data waveforms use channels wider than 3 kHz to boost data throughput and robustness. This has driven the need for a more capable Automatic Link Establishment (ALE) system that links faster and adapts the wideband HF (WBHF) waveform to efficiently use available spectrum. In this paper, we investigate the possibility and advantages of using various non-scanning ALE techniques with the new wideband ALE (WALE) to further improve spectrum awareness and linking speed.