Handheld beamforming antennas adoptable to 5G wireless connectivity

This paper presents the design of high-frequency handheld beamforming antennas aimed at the 5th generation wireless communication and shows the frequency responses and radiation characteristics. It is revealed that the proposed four-element 24-GHz resonance array antenna fits the placement in the top side of a handset phone, and scans the upward 120o-range in the elevation plane with the movable main-beam of the antenna efficiency over 70 % and the peak-gain greater than 8 dBi up to 10.5 dBi at the aforementioned target millimeter-wave frequency.