The analysis of closed-loop supply chain with dual channel based on carbon emissions

This paper brings carbon emissions into the category of carbon management. The decision-making behavior of members of the system is analyzed respectively based on Lagrange duality theory and variational inequality theory. The equilibrium of the dual channel closed-loop supply chain network is built and the equilibrium conditions of all members and the whole supply chain is obtained. Besides, the modified projection algorithm is designed for solving the equilibrium pattern.