Intelligent traffic light controller using inductive loops for vehicle detection

Through this paper we present the use of inductive loops as an instrument to measure traffic density. A microcontroller can be programmed to receive information about traffic density on different lanes, as measured by the inductive loops. Algorithms that not only ease congestion but also ensure the people in less congested lanes dont have to wait too long are discussed. Depending upon the traffic density a suitable algorithm can be executed to clear the congestion. A new design of inductive loop to suit our algorithm in case of multiple lane traffic has also been discussed here. Apart from causing delay, many times traffic congestion has resulted in loss of precious lives since help isnt able to reach the needy on time. In our proposed model we make use of radio transmitter-receiver to detect the presence of any ambulance/ fire brigade/ police vehicle and provide immediate right of way by traffic signal pre-emption. Lastly, there are many people who have a tendency of stopping way beyond the zebra crossing at a red signal. The use of infrared sensors to detect such vehicles and sound a buzzer to alert the traffic police has been presented. Overall, it is a complete model, one solution to many of traffic congestion related problems.