High Q-factor photonic crystal cavities

The optical properties of two dimensional photonic crystal cavities are numerically investigated. The cavities are designed by introducing defects in the structure, which will break the periodicity of photonic crystal. It is established that the resonant modes trapped in the cavity can be well controlled by varying the nature and size of the cavity. The field distribution and the Q-factor of the trap resonant modes in the cavity are computed. It is found that the Q-factor of the resonant modes can be made very large by increasing the size of the crystal.