A first simulation on optimizing EDS for cabin baggage screening regarding throughput

Airport security screening is vital for secure air transportation. Screening of cabin baggage heavily relies on human operators reviewing X-ray images. Explosive detection systems (EDS) developed for cabin baggage screening can be a very valuable addition security-wise. Depending on the EDS machine and settings, false alarm rates increase, which could reduce throughput. A discrete event simulation was used to investigate how different machine settings of EDS, different groups of X-ray screeners, and different durations of alarm resolution with explosives trace detection (ETD) influence throughput of a specific cabin baggage screening process. For the modelling of screening behavior in the context of EDS and for the estimation of model parameters, data was borrowed from a human-machine interaction experiment and a work analysis. In a second step, certain adaptations were tested for their potential to reduce the impact of EDS on throughput. The results imply that moderate increases in the false alarm rate by EDS can be buffered by employing more experienced and trained X-ray screeners. Larger increases of the false alarm rate require a fast alarm resolution and additional resources for the manual search task.