Numerical short-open-load (SOL) de-embedding of effective wave impedances of substrate integrated waveguide with square or circular vias

Effective wave impedances of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) with square vias and circular vias are numerically de-embedded from three-dimensional (3-D) full-wave algorithm by virtue of a short-open-load (SOL) calibration approach. Full-wave simulation is at first conducted to model a finite-cell SIW with two feeding uniform waveguides. Afterwards, three calibration standards are established and characterized in the consistent 3-D full-wave algorithm, and they are employed to de-embed the two-port ABCD matrix of the finite-cell SIW section. In addition to complex propagation constant, effective wave impedance of the SIW is accurately derived. The SIW waveguide with square or circular vias is studied to demonstrate the frequency-dependent and leakage-produced guided-wave characteristics under varied varied via-to-via spacings.