Using a hybrid III anthropomorphic test device with back constraint to evaluate robot impact to the chest

Impact tests using an Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD) or a dummy were conducted to assess the risk that a moving mass, such as a robot, might pose to an individual against a stationary constraint. A mathematic model was also used to simulate the dummy´s responses to impacts from different combinations of mass and velocity. The results showed that the sternum-to-spine deflection, or chest compression, was higher when the dummy´s back was constrained than when it was unconstrained. A study plan for understanding the risk from a moving mass such as a robot was proposed.