Reconstruction of a motion and attenuation corrected activity distribution in gated TOF-PET

In this work, we demonstrate a framework in which the gated TOF-PET emission data are used to reconstruct a single activity image (which is corrected for attenuation), together with motion parameters that deform the activity reconstruction (of the reference frame) to each of the frames. We compare the reconstructions to independent and registered (post-reconstruction) MLACF reconstructions of each frame. We propose a joint estimation method that avoids selecting a reference frame and provides low bias and variance compared to methods that select a reference frame from among the gated frames. Reconstruction results are also shown for the 3D breathing XCAT phantom.