Fractal antenna with electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure for wireless application

This work proposes a design of Sierpinski Carpet fractal antenna with an Electromagnetic Band Gap (SCFAEBG) structure on the ground plane for wireless application operates at 5.8 GHz frequency. This antenna is designed and fabricated on Rogers RT Duroid 5880 substrate, with dielectric constant of 2.2 and thickness of 0.38 mm. The sierpinski carpet fractal antenna outperforms the conventional antenna in bandwidth performance and the reduction of the antenna size. This antenna is designed and simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio Suite 2014. The fabricated design is measured using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The simulation result of the return loss of the conventional rectangular patch antenna is -17.65 dB whereas for the Sierpinski Carpet fractal antenna with an EBG structure on ground plane is -44.27 dB. Based on the results, the SCFA shows a reduction of size as compared to the conventional antenna with 25.05%. After the measurement process, the return loss for the SCFA is -19.22 dB. The bandwidth of the measured SCFA-EBG was also increased by 61.29% from 80.6 MHz. It was observed that, both simulation and measurement results show good agreement and acceptance.