Characterization of acoustic channel for underwater wireless sensor networks

The paper presents an analysis of variation in attenuation, transmission loss and power spectral density of noise with respect to the change in the frequency of acoustic signals in underwater wireless sensor networks. The effects have been shown by considering the factors like depth, temperature and salinity of sea for calculating the propagation speed of acoustic signals. Results are found to be satisfactory and can be used to model an energy efficient underwater wireless sensor network.