Gain improvement in polygonal patch antennas

The effect of polygonal slot in vertex-fed polygonal patch antennas is studied and analyzed. A polygonal shaped slot is obtained by creating a polygonal slot at the center of polygon. Here, the pentagonal and hexagonal shaped slot is created at the center of a pentagon and a hexagon. Pentagonal and hexagonal shaped slotted patch designs are simulated for different radius of slot (R2) formed when vertices of polygonal slot moves from center towards the vertices of polygon to understand the effect of polygonal slot. The characterization of antenna designs to observe the effect of slot in patch design on scattering, impedance and gain characteristics of antennas is performed through simulation on CST MWS^®. It is observed that wideband characteristics between 12 to 28 GHz of pentagonal and hexagonal patch antennas are retained with pentagonal and hexagonal shaped slot geometries till radius is equal to 15 mm and 16 mm respectively. For lower values of R2, multiband behavior is observed for polygonal shaped slotted patch antenna designs. Analyzing gain results of all slotted patch geometries reflects that the performance of the hexagonal patch antenna is better in terms of gain compared to others within the operating band.