Miniature implantable PIFA for telemetry in the ISM band: Design and link budget analysis

An implantable miniaturized planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) that can operate over 2.45 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band which occupies a small volume of 92 mm3 is proposed. The impedance characteristics of the proposed antenna are measured using experimental tissue mimicking phantoms. The proposed compact PIFA has a size of 8.1×7.1×1.6 mm3 which is tested using both numerical and mixed meat phantoms for implantation either under the chest or arm or inside a muscle. An analysis of the communication link between the implanted antenna and external dipole antenna has also been examined along with a statistical pass loss analysis. Moreover, the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) distribution induced by the implantable antenna inside a human tissue phantom has also been evaluated.