Methods for certification of GNSS-based safe vehicle localisation in driving assistance systems

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are now widely used in road transportation systems for vehicle navigation, fleet management, satellite-based road traffic monitoring and others, which cover 38% of all the GNSS applications. GNSS can also be used to leverage precise and safe locations in situations with potential harm to humans or damage to a system or environment, which is called safety-related applications. A user case can be demonstrated in advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS), GNSS receiver is applied as part of the satellite-based vehicle localisation unit (SatVeLU) to deliver safe locations continuously. It is highly necessary to certify this kind of localisation unit product to make sure SatVeLU can be used in safety-related applications. This paper analyses the quantifiable characteristics for GNSS-based safe vehicle localisation performance, an UML-based formal method as attribute hierarchy is used to describe the terminologies for it. With a clear interpretation from performance concept to quantifiable characteristics and a pre-calibrated mobile reference measurement system (MRMS), the performance characteristics can be validated through the proposed validation methodology. The validation methodology involving related international standardisation organisations, governmental institutes, agencies, accreditation bodies as well as laboratories together can deliver a complete certification process. This proposed certification process will potentially enable GNSS-based safe vehicle localisation units to be certified and finally applicable for safety vehicle localisation function in road transportation.