A review of energy detection and cyclostationary sensing techniques of cognitive radio spectrum

Cognitive radio (CR) tends to be the key technology of future wireless networks as it provides the mechanism of enabling the spectrum sensing awareness. The first stage in the cognitive radio duty cycle is spectrum sensing (SS) which is the most challenging stage as it requires an accurate real-time decision of the Primary User (PU) presence or absence in a certain band and allow the Secondary User to utilize it without causing any interference for PU. This article is meanly intended to present a review for two popular sensing techniques of cognitive radio based on recent researches; energy detection and cyclostationary techniques. We have provided a study of some of the recent proposed enhancement of both energy detection and cyclostationary. Additionally, we have discussed the trade-off between design and performance efficiency of some of these enhanced sensing techniques.