Optimized unscheduled interchange based secondary control for two area deregulated electricity market

This paper describes the design and simulation of Unscheduled Interchange (UI) based optimized integral controller of Automatic Generation Control (AGC) in the restructured power system. The traditional AGC loop is replaced with UI based price signal linking to the frequency at the prevailing time. UI rate for corresponding system frequency signal is received from load dispatch center and it is compared with the marginal cost of individual generators to generate the error signal which decides the gain of integral controller for correction in frequency to its nominal value. The simulation is carried out for different cases of generation-demand transactions for two area restructured electricity market to demonstrate the effectiveness of UI based control in system frequency regulations. A non derivative classical Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is used to obtain the optimal value of gain of integral controllers to achieve the optimum response of the system under study.