A Survey of Hardware Trojan Detection, Diagnosis and Prevention

Hardware Trojans (HTs) can be implanted in security-weak parts of a chip with various means to steal the internal sensitive data or modify original functionality, which may lead to huge economic losses and great harm to society. Therefore, it is very important to perform hardware Trojan detection and diagnosis, find potential safety hazards and apply protection techniques in the whole IC design cycle, in order to enhance the security of chips. In this paper, we elaborate an IC market model, and describe the potential HT threats faced by the parties involved in the model. Then we survey the recent research advances in the countermeasures against HT attacks, which are classified into HT detection, diagnosis and prevention. Finally, the challenges and prospects for HT defense are illuminated.