Hierarchical video summarization with loitering indication

In this paper, a hierarchical and informative summarization framework is proposed, which facilitates rapid video browsing. Moreover, a method for loitering detection is exploited to indicate potential abnormal behaviors. The hierarchical framework includes two levels: a holistic-level and an object-level. The holistic-level summarization provides viewers with a comprehensive and compact representation of the original video, while the object-level summarization extracts the narrative information of each object, including trajectory, direction, time, changes of appearance and indication of the loitering behavior. The two summarizations are formulated as two different energy minimization problems, which are solved by the proposed heuristic algorithms. Our framework is evaluated on two publicly available datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method performs favourably in providing holistic- and object-level information, fast browsing, and loitering detection.