An efficient routing algorithm to prolong network lifetime in wireless sensor networks

Maximizing the lifetime of wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the noticeable challenges nowadays. We propose a new method to prolong the network lifetime based on a nonlinear weight particle swarm optimization (NWPSO) algorithm. The routing algorithm takes both energy efficiency and transmission distance into consideration. In this way, the network results in better distributed sensors and a well-balanced clustering system enhancing the network´s lifetime. The simulation results show that the proposed routing algorithm performs well over other comparative algorithms in different node density.