Low-voltage CMOS DC-DC converters for energy harvesting applications

Environmental energy harvesting has attracted much attention as a possible power source for remote electronic devices and implanted/embedded electronics. Low-voltage DC-DC charge pump is the key component for ultralow-power energy harvesting. This work addresses some issues related to low-voltage DC-DC converter based on the mainstream CMOS technology with an example of high-efficient and excellent loading performance cross-coupled charge pump by employing clock-boosting, forward-biasing, pulse-skipping modulation techniques.