Prediction and validation of propagation loss in urban micro-cell environment by using ray tracing simulation

Field test and ray tracing (RT) simulation results for an adaptive array antenna (AAA) for micro-cell environments in central Tokyo area, is presented. The radio frequency was 3.35 GHz. The AAA at the base station was installed at the height below the buildings, i.e. microcell environment was considered. The AAA element spacing was set to be eight wave-length for space diversity. The height of a transmitter antenna at a mobile was 2 m. The distance ranged from 30 to 100 m between the receiver and transmitter antennas. Propagation characteristic measurements show that maximum delay time is less than 0.5-symbol period and averaged delay spread throughout the course is less than 0.05μ sec. So the channel is regarded as frequency-flat. RT simulation results are compared with measured ones with respect to the received power at the AAA. The RT simulation results provide good approximation in line-of-sight (LOS) sections and slightly shadowed non-line-of-sight (NLOS). Contrary, in deeply shadowed NLOS area, it gives a large error.