Linear arrays with non-uniform progressive phase shift

This paper presents a study of linear arrays with uniform element spacings but non-uniform progressive phase shift while the amplitude excitation is either uniform or tapered. It is shown that such arrays (1) offer higher directive gain with the number of elements, their spacings, and phases as parameters; as a special case, yield higher gain, under the endfire condition, than the Hansen-Woodyard discrete endfire array, (2) are applicable to wide-angle scanning, (3) may be synthesized to produce a desired pattern with less error, (4) may be derived from a known pattern, (5) can be used for sidelobe reduction, and (6) may also yield a pattern with equal sidelobes when the amplitude excitation is uniform.