Microchip-based techniques with benefits for single cell characterization using optical analyses systems

In medical biotechnology there is a growing need for efficient and reliable single cell analysis techniques. Fluorescence microscopy in combination with image analysis solution is a powerful tool for the characterization of cells. The performance and reliability of image analysis for cell characterization can be much improved if the cells are arranged in array structures. Here we introduce a microchip based approach for the analysis on the single cell level by using fluorescence techniques. pEGFP transfected and diacetyl-fluorescein treated embryonic rat oligodendrocytes; (OLN-93) are arranged in array structures by hydrodynamic positioning onto pores of microfabricated chips. Fluorescence micrographs of separated single cells in array structures are obtained. Different fluorescence intensities of single pEGFP-transfected oligodendrocytes; are distinguishable. Using the proposed technique cells can be identified which fulfill predetermined criteria and easily addressed in the array. Further, the use of electrical impedance spectroscopy for positioning control and for determining the viability of the cells is discussed.