Title : 
On the invariance of the second-order modes of continuous-time systems under general frequency transformation [analog filters]
         
        
            Author : 
Kawamata, Masayuki
         
        
            Author_Institution : 
Dept. of Electron. Eng., Tohoku Univ., Sendai, Japan
         
        
        
        
        
            Abstract : 
This paper proves the invariance of the second-order modes of continuous-time systems, such as analog filters, under general frequency transformation, that is, under the reactance function. The invariance is proved by obtaining the state-space representation of the transformed system, and its controllability/observability grammians in terms of those of the original system and the reactance system. This invariance property is parallel to that of discrete-time systems such as digital filters proved by Mullis and Roberts.
         
        
            Keywords : 
continuous time filters; controllability; electric reactance; invariance; observability; state-space methods; transfer functions; analog filters; continuous-time system second-order modes; controllability grammians; general frequency transformation; invariance; observability grammians; reactance function; reactance system; state-space representation; transfer function; Control systems; Controllability; Cutoff frequency; Digital filters; Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions; Frequency domain analysis; Laplace equations; Observability; Prototypes; Transfer functions;
         
        
        
        
            Conference_Titel : 
Circuits and Systems, 2003. ISCAS '03. Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on
         
        
            Print_ISBN : 
0-7803-7761-3
         
        
        
            DOI : 
10.1109/ISCAS.2003.1205611